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I ngā punaha hiko, ka whakamahia whānuitia ngā hipi ngutu i ngā taputapu hinu, ngā taputapu māra, me ngā taputapu hiko ahumahi nā te hanganga maama, te haepapa hau puhi, me te whakatipungia kia māma. Heoi anō, i te tikanga whiriwhiringa me te whakamahi, kāore ētahi i te āhuatanga whakahaere i ngā hipi ngutu taiaro me ngā hipi ngutu tawhio e mōhiotia ana. Maranga noa rātou i runga i te mōhio, i te utu rānei, ā, whai muri ko ngā raruraru pērā i te tangi nui, iti te uara, me te poto te ora.
Kia mōhio ai ki te whiriwhiri i te momo tika, me mātai i ngā rerekētanga matua o ēnei āhuatanga e rua o ngā pampi mai i ngā āhuatanga maha, tae atu ki ngā kaupapa hanganga, ngā āhuatanga karu, ngā mahi rū, te āhua o te horonga mahi, me ngā wāhi whakamahinga.
I. Te Rerekētanga Matua: Ko te Hanganga e Whakatau Ana i Te Mea Katoa
I runga i tana take, ko te rerekētanga kei waenganui i ngā pampi niho a-foinu me ngā pampi niho a-waho he tikanga rereke o te wehe o ngā niho, me te tikanga wehe e whakatau ana i te rongoā me te māmā o te hoatu miraka.
Pampi Niho-a-Waho
Ko te pūmpa karu tāwāhi e whai ana i ngā karu e rua o te rahi tahi, ka hono atu ki tētahi ki tētahi ki waho ki roto i te tinana o te pūmpa. Ā, ā te hōroro haere ngā karu, he pēhanga korengia kei te taha e wehe haeretia ana ngā karu, ka tāwhai karu ki te tūru māwhiti. Ka aratakihia te karu ki te wāhi kei waenganui i te tāmira o waho o ngā karu me te takotoranga o te pūmpa, ka tahuna ake ki te tūru tuarangi ā, ā, ka hono anō ngā karu ki te taha kotahi.
Ko ngā āhuatanga matua o tēnei hanganga ko:
- Aronga tākarotia tākarotia
- Iti ake te maha o ngā wāhanga
- He iti noa ngā uara whakaputa me te tāpiritanga
Heoi anō, nā te tikanga tāwāhi ake o te huinga karu, he māmaa te panonitanga o te rahi o te karu i te wā e arataki ana.
Pūmpa Karu Roto
Ko te pūmpa karaihe waho, ko te tēnei, he karaihe waho me te karaihe roto. Ka raruwhenua te karaihe roto ki roto i te karaihe waho. Ko te hinu e pakari ana ki te whare hinu e hangaia ana i waenganui i ngā niho o te karaihe roto me te karaihe waho, ā, ka nekehia tonu, māmā hoki ki te putanga ake i te raruwhenua o ngā karaihe.
Mā te whakarārewa i te hanganga karaihe waho, ko ngā pūmpa karaihe roto he:
- Mā te hononga anuanu ake
- Ngā panonitanga māmā ake i te whare hinu
- Tētahi tikanga hoatu hinu ātaahua ake
Ko tēnei hoki te take matua ka nui ake ngā vanteki o ngā pūmpa karaihe roto mā te māmā me te whakahaere riwha.
II. Ngota Iowhara: Te Whakataunga i te 'Tūponotanga' o te Pūnaha
I ngā pūnaha hydrauhiki, ko te ngota iowhara tētahi take matua mō te takirua, ngunguru, me te pikinga ohiwa.
Ngā Āhuatanga Iowhara o ngā Pūmpa Karaihe Waho
Mā te hurihanga nui o te rahi o te whare paraihe ina uru atu, neke atu rānei ngā pīra kei ngā pūpahi karaihe waho, ka whakatu ake te aronga o waho. Ko ēnei tuarangi e tino kitea ana i ngā tikanga mahi tere, taumaha rānei.
Ngā Arotake Mōhio:
- Kiriuru tino nui o te pūngao
-tino tārite raru kōpae
- Tino pakari ake te pā ki ngā parirau me ngā pāpā
Ngā Huarahi Arataki o ngā Pūpahi Karaihe Roto
Ko ngā pūpahi karaihe roto he pai ake te rerekētanga o ngā whare paraihe, ka 'whakawhānuitia' te paraihe ka horoi i waenganui i ngā niho, ka hua ai he aronga mōrearea. Ka taea e tēnei hanganga te whakaiti tino i te tuarangi arataki.
Ngā Arotake Mōhio:
- He pai ake te whakauru o te pūngao
- He iti ake ngā rerekētanga o te pēhanga
- He pai ake mō ngā poukai hikoira
III. Ngā Rerekētanga o te Rama me te Māmā
Ko ngā raru rama kua tino raru, ehara i te mea "pakaru te pamp", engari he rerekē i te momo pamp.
Pampi Niho-a-Waho
Ko te takotoranga o ngā karu he tino tika, ka hua ai te putangitanga o te rerehua e kitea ana, me ngā rama tikangia. Heoi anō, e whakaaetia ana mā ngā taputapu e here ana ki te rama nui pērā i ngā taputapu hangarau me ngā taputapu māra.
Pūmpa Karu Roto
He māmā te takotoranga, he tino rere tonu te rerehua, ka hua ai te rama iti ake tino. He tino āhua mō ngā taputapu anga-whanonga, ngā pūnaha roto-ruma, i ngā wāhi e hiahiatia ana te māmā ake.
IV. Te Uāraitanga ki te Hikoira me ngā Tikanga Mahi
Pampi Niho-a-Waho
He pai ake ki ngā hikoira e hiahiatia ana te horihori.
He pakari ki ngā panonitanga o te wehenga o te hikoira.
Ka piki te tere o te wareware i te wa e taraweti ana te hikoira, i te wa e iti ana te oranga.
Pūmpa Karu Roto
He whānuitanga o te uāraitanga ki te wehenga o te hikoira.
Mahi tūturu ake i ngā tikanga hinu piri ranei, āhua rite ki te whakamahi mō ngā tikanga hiko.
He aroha ake ki ngā tikanga hanganga kapa hinu.
V. Te Hinga, Roa Ora, me Te Tauutuutu Whakatikatika
I te tirohanga roa-ora:
Pampi Niho-a-Waho
He iti noa te utu tuatahi me te whakatikatika māmā, engari i ngā pūnaha herekore, ko ngā taraweti me te wareware e poto ai te ora o waho.
Pūmpa Karu Roto
He nui ake te uara tuatahi, engari ka mahi māmā me te wareware ōrite, he mea pai ake mō te mahi tonu roa-ora.
VI. Whakapākehātanga o Ngā Wāhi Whakamahinga Tīpene
Ngā Whakamahinga Tūmatanui o Ngā Poihāki Taiwhenua
Māhinā Māra
Nga Rātō Kuhika
Ngā Pūnaha Hiko Kōreta
Taputapu Hikoira Matua e teitei ana i te utu
Ngā whakamātau noa o ngā Pihini Pūtōrino Mōhio
Ngā Pūhui Hikoira Tāpoi
Ngā Pūhui Whakakōkiri
Taputapu Tāwhaiaroa
Ngā āhuatanga e teitei ana i te rūa me te pūmau
VII. Tika Tūturu o te Whiriwhiri Ingeni
I ngā mahi inūhiko, e kore he mea tērā 'pūpahi ake te pūpahi', engari ko 'te pūpahi e pai ake ana'.
Mēnā ko te pūnaha e whai whakaaro ana ki te utu-mōhiotia, pātiki tātari, me te whakatūhura māma → kōwhiri i te pūpahi pūtōrino waho.
Mēnā ko te pūnaha e matapakanga ana ki te whakahaere māmā, te whai kore i te rū, me te whakahaere tonu i te roa → kōwhiri i te pūmpa tarau-a-roto.
Mēnā he kore e tika te kōwhiringa, āea anō te pūmpa teitei rawa e mahi ai teitei.
VIII. Kauwhau Kotahi-aki o te Mātai Pūnaha
Ko te rerekētanga i waenganui i ngā pūmpa tarau kei ō rātou ingoa kāore, engari kei ō rātou hanganga; i te mutunga, ko ngā rerekētanga hanganga ka whakaaturia ki te mahi o te pūnaha.